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已故榮休教宗本篤十六世:留下一份關於信仰的真理的遺產

January 12, 2023
in Vatican
已故榮休教宗本篤十六世:留下一份關於信仰的真理的遺產

榮休教宗的棺木

By Vatican News

Jan 12 2023

在榮休教宗的棺木中存有一份簡述他的生平和牧職的公證書。本篇內容是這份文件的概述。

(梵蒂岡新聞網)本篤十六世“作為公認的權威神學家,他留下了研究和尋求信仰基本真理的豐富遺產”。這是放在榮休教宗棺木中、簡述這位教宗生平的公證書上最後一句話。這份公證書於榮休教宗的遺體安放在棺木內之前,由教宗禮儀處禮儀長拉韋利(Diego Ravelli)蒙席宣讀。其中概述了榮休教宗牧職期間作出的貢獻。

公證書寫道,本篤十六世是第265任教宗,於2005年4月19日當選。他於1927年4月16日在德國帕紹(Passau)教區的馬克特爾(Marktl)鎮出生,父母出身低微,但使若瑟・拉青格有良好的基督信仰和文化培育。拉青格少年時期經歷了納粹政權,看到天主教會在德國受到的仇視,同時發現了基督信仰的真和美。

1946至1951年,他先後在弗賴辛(Freising)和慕尼黑攻讀哲學和神學,並於1951年6月29日晉鐸。一年後在弗賴辛哲學與神學高等學院任教,隨後又在伯恩、明斯特、蒂賓根,以及雷根斯堡從事教學工作。1962年,作為弗林斯(Joseph Frings)樞機的助手出席了梵蒂岡第二屆大公會議,並成為專家。

1977年3月25日,保祿六世任命他為慕尼黑和弗賴辛教區總主教,5月28日接受主教祝聖。他主教牧職的座右銘是“真理的合作人”。1977年6月27日,他由保祿六世教宗擢升為樞機。1981年11月16日,若望保祿二世任命他為聖座教義部部長,隔年2月15日,他辭去慕尼黑和弗賴辛總教區的牧職。

2002年11月30日,拉青格樞機被選為樞機團團長。2005年4月8日,他在聖伯多祿廣場主持了若望保祿二世的葬禮彌撒。同年4月19日,拉青格樞機當選為教宗,取名號本篤十六世。他在當選後首次出現在聖伯多祿大殿中央陽台上時,稱自己是“上主葡萄園中謙卑的工人”。

公證書繼續寫道,本篤十六世牧職期間將天主和信仰作為中心課題,不斷尋找主耶穌基督的面容,幫助眾人認識基督,尤其出版了總共為三卷的《納匝肋人耶穌》系列著作。他具有廣博高深的聖經和神學知識,以非凡的能力對信理和靈修,以及教會生活和當代文化的重大議題作了綜合闡述。

本篤十六世推動與聖公會、猶太教徒及其他信仰的代表進行對話,並取得成果。他也恢復了與聖庇護十世團體的司鐸們的接觸。

2013年2月11日,在樞機會議結束時,這位教宗用拉丁文宣讀了以下決定:“我十分清楚,這項職務因其精神本質不僅靠言行來完成,也靠受苦和祈禱。總之,今日世界變化神速而且因來自為信仰生活極其重要的爭端而處在動蕩之中。在這種情況下,為聖伯多祿的船掌舵和宣講福音也需要有充沛的體力和精神,這一精力近幾個月來在我身上漸弱,以致我得承認我已無能力勝任受委託的牧職。為此,儘管意識到這一舉止的嚴重性,我仍以完全的自由宣布辭去樞機們在2005年4月19日委託給我的羅馬主教、聖伯多祿繼承人的牧職,如此一來,從2013年2月28日20時起羅馬主教的席位,聖伯多祿的宗座將進入空缺期,有關人士該當召集選舉教宗的樞機會議,選出新教宗。”

公證書指出,本篤十六世2013年2月27日,在最後一次主持的公開接見活動中,感謝眾人尊重、理解和接納他引退的決定。他表示:“我將繼續以祈禱和省思陪伴教會的旅程,以我至今每天努力奉獻於上主和祂的新娘的祈禱來陪伴。”

在岡道爾夫堡夏宮短期停留後,榮休教宗在梵蒂岡的教會之母隱修院度過了他生命的最後幾年,奉獻於祈禱和默想。

公證書闡明,本篤十六世任期內的訓導思想可概括在三道通諭中,即《天主是愛》通諭(2005年12月25日)、《在希望中得救》(2007年11月30日)通諭以及《在真理中的愛德》通諭(2009年6月29日)。他還為教會寫了四道宗座勸喻、多道宗座憲令、宗座牧函,以及在公開接見活動中的要理講授和一些演講,包括24次國際使徒之旅中的講話。

面對相對主義和無神主義的日益擴散,2010年,本篤十六世以《隨時隨地傳播福音》手諭設立了聖座促進新福傳委員會,2013年1月又將負責要理講授的工作交給這個委員會。此外,他堅決對抗聖職人員侵犯未成年人和脆弱者的罪行,不斷號召教會皈依、祈禱、懺悔和淨化。

 

鏈接網址:www.vaticannews.cn

 

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