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羅馬耶穌聖嬰兒童醫院公告科研成果:成功發現新冠病毒引發兒童全身性炎症的機理

September 10, 2020
in Vatican
羅馬耶穌聖嬰兒童醫院公告科研成果:成功發現新冠病毒引發兒童全身性炎症的機理

羅馬耶穌聖嬰兒童醫院

By Vatican News

Sep 10 2020

聖座耶穌聖嬰兒童醫院發表科學研究成果公告,公告稱,已成功发现新冠病毒引發兒童全身性炎症的機理。耶穌聖嬰兒童醫院“臨床免疫與疫苗研究學”負責人帕爾馬博士對此評價道:“這些結果代表了一個重要的發現,在區分和治療因新冠病毒引起的全身性炎症和川崎病提供了更為準確的科學依據。”

(梵蒂岡新聞網)羅馬耶穌聖嬰兒童醫院近日發表公告,宣布一項重要科學研究成果。公告稱,一個由耶穌聖嬰兒童醫院和斯德哥爾摩卡羅林斯卡學院(Karolinska Institutet di Stoccolma)組成的聯合科學研究小組經過嚴謹的科學研究,由新冠病毒肺炎引起兒童嚴重炎症反應的機理已被發現。

公告表示,兒童因感染新冠病毒而引起的、被稱為小兒多系統發炎症(MIS-C)的全身性炎症疾病,因症狀部分或完全符合川崎病的診斷條件,最初與川崎病相混淆。耶穌聖嬰兒童醫院的研究人員現在已經成功識別出其免疫特性和功能。羅馬耶穌聖嬰醫院與斯德哥爾摩卡羅林斯卡學院合作進行的這項研究為早期診斷和有針對性的治療開闢了一條道路。該研究成果已經發表在《細胞》(CELL)科學期刊上。

在新冠病毒疫情大流行的初期,人們普遍認為兒童似乎對新冠病毒有免疫功能。然而,隨著時間的推移,很明顯他們也會染上新冠病毒,儘管情況不那麽嚴重。但不幸的是,感染病毒的某些兒童能發展成一種嚴重的全身性炎症,即小兒多系統發炎症(MIS-C),是一種感染新冠病毒後出現的新情況。兒童患者表現出血管炎、心臟和腸道問題及全身性炎症增加的反應。這些症狀在一定程度上與另一種血管炎的川崎病有共同之處,因此,新冠病毒引起的炎症和川崎病混淆了。

研究人員在研究中發現,在川崎病和新冠病毒引起的全身炎症疾病中,都檢測到了參與免疫反應的細胞因子的炎症介質水平的反常變化,但存在著差異。與川崎病兒童患者相比,在感染新冠病毒後發展成小兒多系統發炎症的患者中,已經發現了大量的自身抗體,這些自身抗體直接攻擊心臟組織和器官組織本身,自身抗體攻擊兩種特殊的蛋白質。這些自身抗體可以導致血管和心臟受損。另外,從細胞學的角度來看,這兩種疾病表現出實質性的差異。感染新冠病毒導致小兒多系統發炎症的患者中,有一種特殊的T淋巴細胞的免疫功能受損,導致炎症和攻擊心臟的自身抗體產生。

兩種病理之間鑑定出的不同指標,結果是為弄清其發展的免疫機制成為可能,並將允許在不久的將來開發出專業化驗室以達到確定的早期診斷。監測染有新冠病毒兒童的T淋巴細胞和抗體譜,有助於早期診斷出哪些患兒有可能發展成為多系統發炎症疾病。

耶穌聖嬰兒童醫院“臨床免疫與疫苗研究學”負責人帕爾馬(Paolo Palma)博士解釋道:“這些結果代表了一個重要的發現,在區分和治療因新冠病毒引起的全身性炎症和川崎病提供了更為準確的科學依據。”

該聯合科學研究機構成員,羅馬耶穌聖嬰醫院是享譽全球的兒童醫院之一,在多個兒童醫療科學方面處於世界頂級水平,另外,它還與多個國家開展兒童醫療人道援助工作。

另一個研究機構成員是瑞典首都斯德哥爾摩卡羅林斯卡學院,它是一所醫學大學規模的高等醫學研究學院,是世界上最有威望的醫學院之一。該學院的一個委員會專門負責頒發諾貝爾生理學或醫學獎。- Vatican News

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