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    Pope Leo calls for the release of hostages in Nigeria and Cameroon

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    Pope Leo issues Apostolic Letter ‘In unitate fidei’ on Nicaea Anniversary

    Pope Leo issues Apostolic Letter ‘In unitate fidei’ on Nicaea Anniversary

    Pope Leo: Christian identity is the compass of education

    Pope Leo: Christian identity is the compass of education

    Memahami, mendalami peranan Bonda Maria dalam kehidupan gereja

    Memahami, mendalami peranan Bonda Maria dalam kehidupan gereja

    COP30 ends without agreement for phasing out fossil fuels

    COP30 ends without agreement for phasing out fossil fuels

    Caritas Da Nang reaches isolated villages as deadly floods sweep central Vietnam

    Caritas Da Nang reaches isolated villages as deadly floods sweep central Vietnam

    Pope: Caritas’ closeness to people in need bears witness to Church’s credibility

    Pope: Caritas’ closeness to people in need bears witness to Church’s credibility

    COP30: The Holy See’s commitment to safeguarding people and creation

    COP30: The Holy See’s commitment to safeguarding people and creation

    60 years of Nostra Aetate: from a seed of hope a great tree has grown

    60 years of Nostra Aetate: from a seed of hope a great tree has grown

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    Truly Free: Rethinking work in the age of exhaustion

    Malaysia’s clergy must shed their media-shy image

    Malaysia’s clergy must shed their media-shy image

    Saints walk among us today

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    From France to Borneo: The Montfortian Mission to Sabah (Part 1)

    From France to Borneo: The Montfortian Mission to Sabah (Part 1)

    Part 2: Porn – a silent addiction?

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    Losing a loved one to suicide

    A tradition of the heart: Roman Catholic devotions

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    Restarting the Economy: (Still) time to rest – the Jubilee Year as the world’s ‘Sabbath’

    Synod report on women and leadership promised ‘in coming months’

    Synod report on women and leadership promised ‘in coming months’

    A glimpse into contemplative life: Sr Elisabeth on the Carmel in Sweden

    A glimpse into contemplative life: Sr Elisabeth on the Carmel in Sweden

    Do not call Mary ‘Co-redemptrix’, says Vatican

    Do not call Mary ‘Co-redemptrix’, says Vatican

    Cambodians join global Church for All Souls’, All Saints’ Days

    Cambodians join global Church for All Souls’, All Saints’ Days

    STORY: A newborn, a husband at the front, and volunteer work: being a woman in Ukraine today

    STORY: A newborn, a husband at the front, and volunteer work: being a woman in Ukraine today

    On Mount of Olives where Jesus prayed, monks and nuns keep harvesting olives

    On Mount of Olives where Jesus prayed, monks and nuns keep harvesting olives

    Pope Leo’s ‘Dilexi Te’ challenges the Church in Asia

    Pope Leo’s ‘Dilexi Te’ challenges the Church in Asia

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    Violence and Bullying Have No Place in Malaysia CFM Demands Swift Action

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Home News Vatican

聖經又一重大考古發現:希腊文十二小先知書聖經殘片被發現

March 18, 2021
in Vatican
‘Historic discovery’ of ancient Biblical fragments made in Israel

新发现的{旧约}的十二先知书的残片。

By Vatican News

Mar 18 2021

以色列古物管理局3月16日公布近年來的重大考古發現及研究成果,考古學家在以色列與約旦河西岸間的猶大沙漠地區發掘出20塊《舊約》十二小先知書的希臘文殘片。這是繼20世紀40和50年代發現死海聖經古卷以後的又一聖經重大考古發現,它翻開了聖經考古發掘史上新的一頁。

(梵蒂岡新聞網)以色列古物管理局3月16日公布了近60年來重大考古發掘成果,包括近年來發現的2千年前主要用希臘文寫成的《聖經》十二小先知書卷軸殘片,内容主要是《匝加利亞》和《納鴻》兩部先知書的内容;還發現了公元132至135年間反抗羅馬人統治的猶太人領袖巴爾·科赫巴(Bar-Kokhba)時期的硬幣;一具6千年前用布包裹著的兒童骨骼殘骸;一個完整的籃子,它可追溯到1萬年前,大概是世界上最古老的籃子。此次考古發掘地是在以色列與約旦河西岸間的猶大沙漠地區。

就該重大考古發掘及研究成果,本新聞網採訪了瑞士盧加諾(Lugano)神學院教授、聖經地域考古與文化研究所所長菲丹齊奧(Marcello Fidanzio)博士,他向本新聞網談了他的看法。

菲丹齊奧教授解釋道,在猶太人領袖巴爾·科赫巴領導的反抗羅馬人統治的“兩次起義期間,一些人逃到山洞中避難,因為他們被羅馬人追趕。我們稱那山洞為‘恐怖山洞’(Grotta degli Orrori),為什麽叫這個名字呢?因為在這個山洞裡因飢渴死了大約40位男女老少。他們來此避難時,帶來了一些珍貴的物品:財產、日常生活用具和書本,這些書本就是資料和聖經書卷。”他說,以色列古物管理局最近的考古工作始於2017年,到目前為止發現了20塊聖經卷軸殘片。

這位聖經考古研究的教授繼續解釋說,這是一個重要的發現,因為在20世紀“40到50年代”的死海,“特別是在谷木蘭(Qumran)及猶大沙漠地區的聖經古卷的重大發現後,人們再也沒有發現過類似的聖經文本”。它翻開了“考古發掘史上新的一頁”。現在,研究人員想知道這是否是一系列考古發現的最後階段,或者恰恰相反,是否揭示了有待研究的新探索的可能性。

菲丹齊奧教授說,這次考古發現讓“我們聖經學者激動不已,“但以色列人也更感興趣,他們強調這些研究如何與他們身份的關係,以及在以色列土地上臨在的歷史”。因此,以色列古物管理局特別重視考古挖掘工作是有道理的。

這次考古發現擴展了人類對聖經知識的了解嗎?菲丹齊奧教授解釋道,“我們面前的是很小的殘片,也就是希臘文寫成的有限的幾行與舊約相關的文字。它們是學者們所說的‘文本不穩定’時期的見證:在這段時間裡,聖經的文本還不夠穩定統一。到後來,聖經正典文本才得以確立,並忠實地傳承下來,直到我們今天”。在“恐怖山洞”找到的殘片代表的是文本還在形成中的時期,正是藉著它們,我們才得以見證一個形成最終文本前所經歷的階段。

“這些發現讓我們看到一段精彩吸引人的歷史時刻:就是聖經成形的歷史時刻。”對這些殘片研究的成果中有一個細節:在希臘文本中,天主那不可讀出的四個字母的聖名是用古希伯來文寫出,這是第一聖殿時期(公元前587年以前)使用的古文字。

最後,菲丹齊奧教授總結道:“在那個時期,就如耶穌時期用的經卷中,對天主的名字已有極大尊敬,所以不能念出來。用另一種字母來書寫是抄寫的一種策略,為的是讓讀者把注意力集中在這些字母上。也就是說,這是文本中需要予以極大敬意和神聖性的地方。” – Vatican News

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