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Home News Asia

Pendidik Filipina bimbang dengan prestasi pelajar yang ‘suram’

December 8, 2023
in Asia
Pendidik Filipina bimbang dengan prestasi pelajar yang ‘suram’

Filipina menduduki tempat ke-75 dalam kalangan 81 negara dalam edisi terbaru Program Penilaian Pelajar Antarabangsa (PISA) yang menguji pengetahuan pelajar berusia 15 tahun tentang matematik, membaca dan sains (Foto: AFP)

Oleh Ronald O. Reyes

Dis 8 2023

SEORANG pemegang jawatan kanan kumpulan advokasi guru di Filipina telah mencapai prestasi pelajar yang “mengerikan” dalam edisi terbaru Program Penilaian Pelajar Antarabangsa (PISA) yang menguji pengetahuan matematik pelajar berusia 15 tahun, membaca dan sains.

Pertubuhan Kerjasama Ekonomi dan Pembangunan (OECD) yang berpangkalan di Paris mengeluarkan keputusan PISA pada 5 Dis di mana negara majoriti Katolik itu berada di kedudukan ke-75 dalam kalangan 81 negara.

“Ini boleh dikaitkan dengan kekurangan langkah substantif yang diambil untuk menangani cabaran asas dalam sektor pendidikan di samping faktor berkaitan pandemik,” kata Benjo Basas, yang kini bertindak sebagai pengerusi kebangsaan Gabungan Martabat Guru (TDC), kumpulan advokasi.

Filipina mencatatkan kedudukan yang sama sebelum wabak pada 2018.

Basas, bagaimanapun, berkata bahawa masalah dalam sistem pendidikan di Filipina “wujud lama sebelum wabak itu.”

Basas mengaitkan skor rendah itu berpunca daripada bahan pembelajaran yang tidak mencukupi, bilik darjah yang sesak, faktor sosio-ekonomi dan layanan buruk terhadap guru.

“Kegagalan Jabatan Pendidikan dan kerajaan untuk menangani kebimbangan asas adalah jelas” dalam ranking, kata Basas.

“Kerajaan perlu mengakui bahawa ia telah gagal kerana tidak mengiktiraf masalah asas” dan tidak mengambil berat “maruah guru,” katanya.

Guru di Filipina, berjumlah 900,000 daripada lebih 1.8 juta kakitangan kerajaan, adalah antara yang dibayar paling rendah, mendorong mereka mencari padang rumput hijau di luar negara. Terdapat lebih 1,484 sekolah Katolik di negara ini.

Monsignor Ramon Stephen Aguilos, bekas pengawas sekolah Katolik di keuskupan agung Palo di Filipina tengah, berkata terdapat “pelbagai sebab yang menyebabkan persembahan suram.”

“Tidak perlu dikatakan, ia mencerminkan keadaan sebenar pendidikan di Filipina,” kata Monsignor Aguilos kepada UCA News.

Beliau berkata terdapat masalah dengan kepimpinan jabatan pendidikan, budaya dan bajet.

Kita sering mendengar bahawa guru dengan anggukan daripada penyelia menurunkan standard peperiksaan “untuk membenarkan pelajar lulus.” Terdapat penipuan yang berleluasa dalam peperiksaan, tambah paderi itu.

Aguilos berkata Filipina harus belajar daripada negara Asia seperti Singapura, Macau, Taiwan, Jepun dan Korea Selatan yang menduduki lima slot teratas dalam ranking PISA.

 “Jika negara-negara Asia ini boleh melakukannya, mengapa kita tidak boleh? Kita juga harus tahu mengapa Vietnam mengatasi AS dalam metrik ini,” kata paderi itu.

Dr Rey Garnace, bekas pengarah kampus Sekolah Menengah Sains Filipina yang dikendalikan kerajaan di wilayah Visayas Timur, berkata bahawa “lebih banyak mata pelajaran membaca harus dimasukkan dalam kurikulum.”

“Setiap guru harus menjadi guru membaca,” saran Garnace, bekas ketua pegawai pentadbiran di Leyte Normal University yang kini bekerja dengan Jabatan Pendidikan New York City di AS.

“Di negara kita, bahasa Inggeris adalah bahasa pengantar walaupun di peringkat rendah. Oleh itu, pelajar tidak dapat memahami konsep. Sudah tiba masanya untuk kembali kepada bahasa ibunda,” sarannya.

Ibu bapa juga bimbang tentang prospek anak-anak mereka kerana kedudukan rendah dalam tinjauan pendidikan global.

“Apakah yang akan berlaku kepada anak saya apabila dia memasuki sekolah awam tidak lama lagi?” tanya Julita yang menggunakan satu nama dan mempunyai seorang anak lelaki berusia lima tahun.

Tinjauan PISA, kajian pertama seumpamanya sejak wabak itu, telah mendedahkan kemerosotan yang “belum pernah berlaku sebelum ini” dalam kemajuan akademik di banyak negara.

 

Sumber: UCA News (Diterjemahkan oleh CS)

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