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教宗第98屆世界傳教節文告:你們去邀請所有人參加盛宴

在第98屆世界傳教節(10月20日)文告中,教宗方濟各強調了教會的一種不幸情況,即:基督不停地由內敲門,要我們讓祂出去。宣講福音的使命迫切又具有普世性,但必須「溫和」地做,既不強迫也不勸說。

October 1, 2024
in Chinese, News, Vatican

 

(梵蒂岡新聞網)

「在因分裂和衝突而四分五裂的世界裡,基督的福音是溫和而有力的聲音,呼喚人人彼此相遇,相互承認是弟兄姊妹,為多元的和諧而歡喜。」教宗方濟各在第98屆世界傳教節文告中如此寫道。本屆傳教節將於2024年10月20日舉行,在《瑪竇福音》的啟發下,主題是《你們去邀請所有人參加盛宴》(參閱:瑪廿二9)。羅馬主教解釋道:「天主願意每個人都得救、認識真理。」因此,傳教使命的意義在於「孜孜不倦地走向全人類」,不排除任何一個人,「邀請世人與天主相遇、與祂共融」。

福音的盛宴和世俗的宴席

我們要像天主一樣不知疲倦,「懷著深厚的愛,富於慈悲」,「總是走出去接近每一個人,召叫他得享天國的福樂,儘管會出現冷漠或拒絕」。在福音比喻中,國王吩咐僕人出去邀請人們赴婚宴,那是「天國最終救恩的景象」。

羅馬主教籲請分辨出有關幸福的假承諾,也就是「世界所提出的各種關於消費主義、自私安逸、積累財富和個人主義的宴席」。福音則呼喚「所有的人去參加那洋溢著喜樂、分享、正義及友愛的天主盛宴,與天主和他人共融」。

教會面對不讓上主出去的危險

你們要走出去邀請:耶穌這番話一如往昔、始終具有現實意義。教宗指出,「每個基督徒都蒙召參與這項普世的使命,在每個環境為福音作見證;同樣地,整個教會也要不斷地與她的上主、耶穌善師走到當今世界的『各個路口』」。

然而,教宗表示,現如今教會的「不幸情況」是「耶穌不停地從裡面敲門,要我們讓祂出去」。「很多時候,教會後來不讓上主出去,把祂占為己有,然而,上主來是為了福傳使命,祂希望我們都是傳教使徒」。

無人被排斥在外,弱小者尤其受邀赴宴

因此,所有受洗者受邀重新找到初期教會基督徒所感受到的傳教動力和熱忱。宣講具有普世幅度,攸關「各種社會條件或道德狀態的每一個人」。教宗指出,在邀請赴婚宴的比喻中,僕人聚集了「他們遇見的每一個人,不分好壞」:「弱小者和受排斥者收到國王的特別邀請」,「每一個人都是天主邀請的對象」,「只需要對天主白白賞賜的這份禮物說『是』,領受它,並接受它來改變自己」。

尊重與喜樂,既不強迫也不勸說

這項任務固然迫切,卻必須秉持尊重及溫和的態度去做。教宗表示,在「向世人宣講天主廣施救恩的愛的美好」時,眾門徒「滿懷喜樂、心胸寬仁,既不強迫、也不強求、更不勸說」。

再者,赴婚宴的圖像也具備末世的願景:基督的使命即為時期圓滿的使命。教宗引用梵二文獻《教會傳教工作》法令:「傳教工作的時機是在基督初次來臨與二次來臨之間。⋯⋯在基督重來以前,福音應當傳播於萬民。」(梵二文獻《教會傳教工作》法令,9號)

世界主教會議和禧年

正值「世界主教會議進程的這個最後階段」,以及為2025禧年做準備的祈禱年,此時對福傳的省思顯得格外具有現實意義。教宗籲請「繼續邁向教會完全同道偕行、發揮傳教精神、為福音效勞的旅途,並要為教會的福傳使命熱切祈禱,參與彌撒」。

教宗解釋道,彌撒聖祭預示了生命圓滿的恩典,「如同本篤十六世教宗所教導的,『對我們而言,感恩祭宴就是真實地預嚐先知們所預言的末世筵席。⋯⋯如果我們沒有被傳教使命吸引,我們就不能走近聖體的餐桌。這使命由天主的內心開始,要達到一切的人』(《愛德的聖事》宗座勸諭,31號、84號)」。

為福音捨棄一切

這份文告簽署於2024年元月25日聖保祿歸化日,教宗在其中感謝男女傳教使徒「回應基督的召叫,捨棄了一切,遠離故鄉,去傳報喜訊」。他們的生命體現出「耶穌託付祂的眾門徒向萬民傳福音的任務」。

羅馬主教最後期許在普世教會和地方教會都「在傳教工作上緊密合作」,建議各教區支持宗座傳教善會的服務:「世界傳教節的募捐活動完全歸於普世團結互助的基金,之後宗座傳信善會以教宗的名義加以分配,以滿足教會所有傳教區的需要。」

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