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Kristian Iraq menentang langkah untuk ‘perubahan demografi’ di Nineveh

June 23, 2023
in World
Kristian Iraq menentang langkah untuk ‘perubahan demografi’ di Nineveh

Umat Katolik Iraq menghadiri misa Ahad Paskah di Gereja Al Tahera Qaraqosh di wilayah Nineveh di utara Iraq dalam imej fail ini. (Foto: AFP)

By UCA News reporter

June 23 2023

NINEVEH – Pemimpin Kristian dan aktivis daripada lima parti politik telah bersama-sama mengeluarkan kenyataan berhubung operasi hartanah berskala besar di kubu kuat Kristian di Dataran Nineveh, berkata langkah itu bertujuan mengubah demografi dan mengancam warisan Kristian di rantau itu.

Lima kumpulan politik – Pergerakan Demokratik Assyria (Zowaa), Kesatuan Kebangsaan Beth Nahrain, Parti Abnaa al-Nahrain, Parti Kebangsaan Assyria, dan Majlis Popular Chaldean-Assyria-Syriac menandatangani dokumen untuk Gabenor bagi mengecam rancangan tersebut. Nineveh, agensi berita Fides melaporkan pada 21 Jun.

Wilayah tersebut adalah rumah tradisional pelbagai kaum dan agama, terutamanya komuniti Chaldean, Assyria, dan Syria yang majoritinya Kristian terdiri daripada gereja yang berbeza.

Sebuah parti politik Kristian utama “Pergerakan Babylon,” yang menduduki empat daripada lima kerusi yang dikhaskan untuk kuota Kristian di parlimen Iraq, tidak menyokong dokumen itu.

Kenyataan itu berkata kumpulan itu telah menerima maklumat daripada sumber rasmi dan masyarakat setempat bahawa majlis perbandaran Nineveh mempromosikan transaksi penjualan dan pemilikan tanah kediaman di daerah Talkeif, salah satu daerah di Dataran Nineveh, kepada individu yang bukan dari rantau dan yang bukan daripada komponen Kristian, lapor Fides.

Kumpulan itu berkata inisiatif ini adalah “pelanggaran jelas” Perlembagaan dan keputusan 2013 Mahkamah Agung Persekutuan.

Merujuk kepada perlembagaan dalam keputusannya, mahkamah tertinggi melarang sebarang perolehan hartanah bagi tanah untuk perumahan dengan tujuan mengubah keseimbangan demografi antara komponen berbeza penduduk Iraq, kata kenyataan itu.

Langkah itu dilakukan dengan “mentaliti mazhab,” katanya.

Kenyataan itu ditujukan kepada Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Pembinaan, Perbandaran Perumahan, dan Kerja Raya, meminta mereka campur tangan segera dan mengarahkan pihak berkuasa yang berkaitan, untuk “menghentikan sebarang langkah yang bertujuan untuk menyusun dan mengagihkan tanah di kawasan sebuah penempatan bersejarah masyarakat Kristian asli di Iraq”.

Kumpulan itu juga mengecam keputusan kerajaan tempatan yang mendakwa perlu menubuhkan jabatan perbandaran baharu dan unit pentadbiran baharu di kawasan Dataran Nineveh bagi menggalakkan pembangunan infrastruktur dan perkhidmatan.

Parti-parti politik itu berkata langkah itu, sebenarnya, bertujuan untuk menyemarakkan penghijrahan penganut Kristian dan menghalang kepulangan ramai penganut Kristian yang telah melarikan diri dari rumah mereka akibat penindasan kejam oleh kumpulan jihad Negara Islam (IS).

Dokumen itu juga menyeru orang Kristian untuk menentang amalan dan mentaliti perkauman dan mazhab “yang menjejaskan asas keharmonian, kewujudan bersama secara aman, dan perkongsian nasional yang tulen.”

Kristian di Iraq dipercayai sebagai salah satu komuniti Kristian turun-temurun tertua di dunia.

Mengikut tradisi, St. Thomas, Rasul dan rakan-rakannya memperkenalkan agama Kristian di Iraq pada abad ke-1.

Sebelum Perang Teluk pada tahun 1991, Iraq adalah rumah kepada kira-kira satu juta orang Kristian.

Laporan media memperlihatkan bahawa disebabkan keganasan anti-Kristian semasa rejim Saddam Hussein, jumlah penganut Kristian mula berkurangan kerana ramai yang mula berhijrah. Sebelum pencerobohan AS ke atas Iraq pada tahun 2003, penganut Kristian berjumlah kira-kira 800,000.

Peperangan dan akibat kemunculan Negara Islam telah meningkatkan penganiayaan terhadap orang Kristian Iraq, mencetuskan penghijrahan besar-besaran ke pelbagai negara.

Pada masa ini, penganut Kristian di Iraq berjumlah kira-kira 500,000, menurut Perkhidmatan Penyelidikan Kesatuan Eropah.

Bandar dan kampung di Dataran Nineveh pernah didiami terutamanya oleh masyarakat Kristian asli. Namun begitu, banyak kawasan terbiar akibat pendudukan Negara Islam selama kira-kira dua tahun.

Walaupun kumpulan jihad itu diusir secara beransur-ansur, hanya kira-kira 45 peratus komuniti Kristian asal telah kembali ke Dataran Nineveh, La Croix International melaporkan pada 22 Jun.

Terdapat 102,000 orang Kristian tinggal di sana pada 2014. Tetapi jumlah mereka telah berkurangan kepada 36,000 dan dijangka merudum lebih jauh menjelang 2024 disebabkan ketidakstabilan politik dan kekurangan keselamatan, serta sebab keluarga dan ekonomi, laporan itu menyatakan.

Pope Francis melawat Iraq pada 5-8 Mac 2021.

Semasa lawatan itu, beliau melawat kota Ur, tempat kelahiran Abraham, Baghdad, Najaf, Qaraqosh, Erbil, dan Mosul, dan berdoa di runtuhan empat gereja yang dimusnahkan oleh militan Negara Islam.

Paus menyeru semua agama untuk bekerja untuk keamanan, toleransi, dan kewujudan bersama. – UCA News

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