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    Bishop Julius Dusin Gitom Leads Christmas Eve Mass Reflection on the Manger of Life

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Home News Vatican

教宗方濟各設立要理教員職務

May 12, 2021
in Vatican
教宗方濟各設立要理教員職務

要理班

By Vatican News

May 12 2021

聖座新聞室5月11日介紹並發表了教宗方濟各關於設立平信徒要理教員職務的《古老的職務》手諭。教宗指出,這個許久以前就存在的職務為在當今世界進行福傳是一種迫切需要,但不可予以神職化。

(梵蒂岡新聞網)“忠實於過去且對現在負責”是“必須具備的條件,教會如此才能在世界中履行自己的使命”:這是教宗方濟各在設立平信徒要理教員職務的《古老的職務》(Antiquum ministerium)手諭中表達的思想。這道手諭於5月10日教會的司鐸聖師,聖若望亞維拉瞻禮簽署。

教宗寫道,在當今世界進行福傳和面對“一種全球化文化盛行”的背景下,“需要承認男女平信徒的臨在,他們憑著自己所領受的聖洗,感受到蒙召為要理講授的服務提供合作”。教宗也强調“與青年世代真正相遇”的重要性,以及“需要有創意的方法和途徑,使福音的宣講適應教會使命的變化”。

這個新職務有很古老的根源,能追溯到《新約》時代。《路加福音》和聖保祿宗徒致《格林多書》和《迦拉達人書》中都提到這職務的幼芽形式。教宗寫道,“在這兩千年來福傳的整個歷史中,極明確地顯示出要理教員的使命是多麽富有成效”,他們使“信仰成了每個人生存的有力支持”,甚至為這目標“獻出了自己的生命”。

隨後,從梵蒂岡第二屆大公會議召開以來,教會就愈加意識到“要理教員的任務至關重要”,對“基督徒團體的發展”更有必要。手諭指出,今天,也有“許多有才幹和有毅力的要理教員”從事著“傳授和加深信仰這不可取代的使命”,而要理教員真福、聖人和殉道者長長的隊伍也“標明了教會的使命”,構成“整個基督信仰靈修史上一個豐富的泉源”。

絲毫沒有奪走“作為教區首位要理教員主教的這項使命”,也未除去“父母給予子女基督信仰培育的特有責任”,教宗勉勵教會重視平信徒協助要理講授的服務,滿足“許多人期待認識基督信仰真、善、美”的願望。牧人們該當承認“平信徒的職務能透過將基督信仰價值觀滲入到社會、政治和經濟的領域,對社會轉變作出貢獻”。

教宗解釋道,要理教員是信德的見證人、導師、秘法師、陪伴者和教育者,他蒙召投入傳授信仰的牧靈服務,負起從初次宣講到準備基督徒入門聖事,一直到持續培育的責任。但若能完成這一切,唯有“藉著祈禱、學習和直接參與團體生活”,如此才能促使要理教員的身份認同以“言行一致和負責任”的態度發揮作用。

實際上,接受平信徒要理教員的職務是在“更加强調每個領受聖洗者的典型傳教承諾”。教宗叮囑,這項職務的進行必須“以完全在俗的形式,不可有神職化的任何表達”。

此外,平信徒要理教員的職務也具有“一種强烈的聖召價值”,因為“這是為地方教會提供的穩定服務”,要求“主教進行應有的分辨”,以及聖座禮儀及聖事部不久將發布專門制定的禮儀。

教宗强調,要理教員該當是“信仰深厚和人性成熟”的男女、積極參與基督徒團體生活、能夠“款待、慷慨及度友愛共融的生活”;他們應在聖經、神學、牧靈和教育學方面接受培育並具備要理講授的經驗,同時也能與司鐸和執事誠信合作,以及“受到真正使徒熱情的激勵”。

教宗最後指出,各主教團應使“要理教員的職務實際有效”,制定符合手諭精神的培育計劃和接收他們的必要規範準則。東方教會也可根據自己的特定法律,採納手諭的指示。- Vatican News

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